Found in American documentation from 1968, this circuit uses both diodes and a neon lamp to generate a 4-step ladder. Observe the signal voltage.
In the figure we have a constant current source for Shape Memory Alloy in wires or Alloy with...
This circuit is from an American documentation of 1975. The FET may be the BF245 and the relay is of...
This circuit, obtained from old documentation, doubles the frequency of the pulses applied to the...